Disability

Paul Hunts 10 stereotypes.

Pathetic

Violence

Sinister or evil

The super cripple

As atmosphere

Laughable

His/her worst enemy

As a burden

As non sexual

Being unable to participate in daily life.

Casts off

Camera angle shows pan of island to show how far he has to travel and how lonely and isolated the island is.

Audience sympathises with him.

New disability, new him/old him.

Has to find himself within his new body.

We are viewing this from an able body.

The narrative device flashbacks to help you undwerstand and indentify with the character better.

Jump cuts bring him closer to the screen, help emphasise how slow it takes.

Island reflects disability, and sea predicts society.

Inbetweeners notes.

The fact he called her a jugasaurausrex makes you look at her from a male aspect. Men are portrayed to be  typically stereotyped.
The use of the word gay can be offence to somepeople.
'Cool' lads play proper male dominating sports and the geeks are playing football.
Verisimilitude is created in the sequence as there playing in a park where everyone can go, the lighting is natural and reflects summertime.
Dialogue, break your leg, hint to disability.
High angle view looking down on the girl in the wheelchair, to either compare ability or compare height diffrence.
Binary oppositions between active able people and a static girl in a wheelchair.
Eyeline match of the frisbee.
Disabled woman needs a carer. (Foreign)
Fact they couldnt communicate in the first place is a disabilty.

Codes and Conventions

Codes are things you apply to Genres.
E.g. Horror: Knives, Blood and Masks. Hospital: Surgical, uniforms, hospitals.
Coventions are scenes you expect to see in Genres.
E.g. Horror: chase scenes, montage shots to build suspense, good vs evil. Tv dramas: realistic locations and parallel naratives, use of shot reverse shot and realistic narrative.

Conventions of Tv dramas:
Characters
Stories use dialogue to tell the stories.
Familiar back drops e.g. home, police stations and hospitals.
Camerawork: establishing shots to set scene, mid shots of characters, close ups to show characters emotions and shot reverse shots to show character interaction.
Music is used to punctuate the action, create effects and underline emotion.
Particular subgenres tend to have items which make them imediateltly identifiable, e.g. police cars blue lights etc in hospital dramas.

Sound, music choir like and dialogue 'what are you doing here!' Sting when she enters room, footsteps foley sound. Amvbient sound is of the sheep fits with what your seeing, noisy. Crowd goes silent when he insults a king. 'My lord'. Upbeat jolly music therefore know its not a serious fight. Sound together with the match of actiobn connotes the danger Merlin could possibly be in. Pinging of broken things are non digetic to create humour. Sting when arthur finishes the fight.

Mise en Scene, her clothing is purple which connotes to royalty, well looked after. People are wearong cloaks, mysterious. Guard protecting the Court. His town is wicker baskets and peasents, binary oppositions. Much more people of lower class(Busy). Arthurs outfit is knight armour. He doesnt have his own weapon therefore is not skilled in this matter. Mise en scene of Guis glasses, long hair etc, looks intellegent. Lighting is quite doom and gloom.

Editing, her length of shot is very long. Cutaway of a opinated man looking disapointed towards Merlin, Intellegence. Extreme close up of his eye means no one knows he has magic power. Audience know he is using his magic but no one else in the diegesis does.

Camera angles, when he walks down the stairs its a high angle shot as he is in a court. Statues connote to success. Next scene is at eye level, your at his social level. Camera angle at fight makes you identify with Merlin. Arthur gets up to a higher level when fighting.

editing

Te general idea behind editing in narrative film is the coordination of one shot with another in order to create a coherent whole.
The system of editing employed in narrative film is called continuity editing its purpose is to create and provide good transitions.
Editing film is selecting and joining clips of a film together.
Editing is the process of preparing language images or sound through correction condensation and organization. Editing is therefore also a practice that includes creative skills human relations and a precise set of methods.
Juxtaposition: way that shots are put together to create meaning.
Edwin S. Porter, the great train robbery 1903.
The Kuleshov effect
Audiences interpreted emotional responses on the actors face based on the juxtaposition of images. Whilst much of the moving image we see uses this effect it does not usually draw attention to it. Students may be familiar with multiple camera non sequential techniques from film and television. Hollywood have up to 3000 shots for action movies.
Some cameramen still like to use one camera.
4 main things:
Production is the right length of time.
To remove unwanted materials or mistakes.
Need to alter sequence.
To establish the right style and character.

A graphic match: is achieved by joining to shots that have a similarity in terms of light/dark, line or shape, volume or depth, movement or stasis.
 A graphically discontinuous edit, is completely the opposite.

Rythmic realtions:
Film is not only a visual art but also an auditory and even tactile art. Diffrence of beats and tempo. Longer and shorter shorts.
Straight cut
Fade out
Fade in
Wipe
Dissolve
Flip frame
Jump cut

Temporal relations:
Editing is the process by which the difference between temporal duration and screen duration is reconciled. It sounds simple, but consider this: most future films present in roughly two hours sufficient intersection of story and plot to provide perceives with everything they need in order to understand days weeks months or even years in a characters lives.

Most common disruptions of a film are flashbacks or flash forwards which disrupts the chronological order.

Spatial relations: allowing the audience to understand the way the audiences are positioned. The 180 deegree rule, establashing shot, shot reverse shot, eyeline match.

Thematic relations: editiors have at their disposal two very powerful techniques for manipulating the perceivers place in the hierachy of knowledge and therefore affecting out thematic understanding of the film. e.g. montage sequences and crosscut editing.

Sound

Sound has the power to create mood, it can also signal events that are about to happen.
Sound can manipulate audiences emotions.
-the human voice
-sound effects
-music
Create realism within a drama.. ( varisimilitude)
Diegesis: everything on screen, world of tv.
Diegetic (captured during filming process) and non diegetic sounds(music etc).
Foley sound happens in the editing process, trees etc.. but to make it look real. audience would think its digetic but its not.
Dialogue: voice over, narrative devices in first person narrative.
Direct mode of adress to create comedy., tends to break the verisimilitude.
Importance of music is often used to make us as the audience involved, this could be happy sad scared of amused.
Incedidental music is used to add emotion and rythm may help you link scenes.
Dissanont music: before disaster or menance.
Sound motif: jaws, indiana jones, batman etc.
Parallel sounds are thinks we expect to hear e.g fighting scene is upbeat music.
Contrapuntal sounds are things we do not expect to hear such as classical music over violent scenes.
Stings, brief music to enhance the current situation.
Ambient sounds also refered to natural sounds where they shoot the drama its there to create varisimitude in the diegesis.

Merlin essay

There are lots of examples of editing in the extract of merlin. Firstly, the shots vary in length to show the difference of authority with merlin and the witch. These two characters show binary oppositions through their social class, rich vs poor. When merlin is looking at the woman's personal belongings the length of shots are quite short. This suggests he is not supposed to be there in comparison the length of shot on the woman are longer to show her power and importance over merlin. The sound is quite mysterious and simple when the camera focuses on merlin however, when the camera focuses on the woman an extra level is added to the sound to show her status. As the narrative develops, the action, sound and camera movement become more frantic and fast. During the fight match on action is used when merlin is fighting and sees Gaius dissappointment and immediately stops which shows the authority Gaius has over Merlin. As well as this, a reaction shot is used when merlin spots Gaius in the crowd and loses the fight as he realises what he is doing is wrong.

Sound is represented throughout the extract of Merlin with diegtic and non-diegetic sounds. For example, at the beginning of the extract non diegtic sounds are edited into the sequence to create tension when Merlin is looking through the lady's belongings when he isn't supposed too. The music automatically stops when the lady is speaking to show her importance and power. Diegtic sounds are used when Merlin is walking through the farm for example, chicken noises and people talking in the background. This creates Versimilitude for the audience. When the fight starts, the music increases in speed and volume to suggest drama and violence however, the music is quite joyful and not intense which suggests that the fight could be just for a laugh. The sound fades when Gaius is looking down on Merlin in dissapointment, this emphasises that fact that Gaius is like a father figure to Merlin and he realises what he is doing is wrong and loses the fight.

Mise en Scene plays a huge part when defining class and status within the charecters. We are first introduced to Merlin who is seen to wear very rough tired clothing, which shows that he has not come from a wealthy background and therefore is looked down on by the other leading charecter. His robe is red which may be seen as being ironic, as red connotes royality and wealth. On the otherhand we are then shown a binary opposition of Merlin, fully dressed in armour made of iron this shows wealth and that he may be part of a army. This shows he is a strong charecter and therefore the peasents in the village look up to him.

When the women adresses Merlin she uses a tone and phrase of unwelcomness. The contrast in location implys also that Merlin should not be there, the scene begins in a castle which cleary shows the womens wealth and a quick jump shot is used to emphasis the change in location.

There are many shots and camera angles within the sequence that offer many different aspects of how class is represented. One of the more prominent ones is how the “commoner” Merlin is depicted within the castle. In a number of shots we see Merlin walking through the very grand castles. Steady Camera movements and wide shots are used to depict merlin as very small in comparison to the castle. This reflects the class structure where the commoners are the little people in comparison to the rich. We also see Merlin fighting with Prince Arthur. When Arthur moves towards Merlin initially with his weapon and begins to swing it above his head, the camera does not pan upwards to show the weapon; instead it remains a steady mid shot. This proves that the wealthier Prince does not need a weapon to with stand his ground or show his strength, his presence is enough to do that. The way that the camera is angled shows only his body in his armour. His stance within the shot also contributes to this. He is standing with a further three knights yet he is standing clearly in front of this, leading the pack and the camera is clearly positioned at all times to show the hierarchy within this group. Throughout the build up to the scene we also see how a four-shot depicts the closeness between the knights and the gap between Merlin and anyone else. We also see an example of a two shot in a previous scene when he is in the Lady’s room. At all times the gap is used to distinguish the class difference between these sets of people. Because they are off different classes they are not seen to socialise or get to close to the poor, suggested by the placement of the actors within the two and four shots.

We then look at Camera angles. There are clear indications as to who has the power from the angles of the cameras. Arthur is taller than Merlin and subsequently we see things from Arthurs eye-level. This gives us reason to believe that these shots have been chosen to show his looking down on a member of a lower class. We see this again when a low-angle shot is used when Gaius, a man whose intellectual power and stance within the royal household gives him more power and status than Merlin, is watching over, un-approvingly, the fight Merlin and the Prince are having. Earlier on we had seen an eye-line match from Merlin when he sneaks into the Lady’s room. His hesitation to enter and jumpy stance suggests he is in quarters of a higher class than his own, and this is reflected through the camera movement. We initially see Merlin creep out of the shot when the camera is focused on a grand part of the castle and later we see as Merlin enters the room, the camera pan around it, indicating his eye movements, to check no one will catch him in a room he isn’t meant to be in.

Paragraph on mise en scene,

Mise en Scene plays a huge part when defining class and status within the charecters. We are first introduced to Merlin who is seen to wear very rough tired clothing, which shows that he has not come from a wealthy background and therefore is looked down on by the other leading charecter. His robe is red which may be seen as being ironic, as red connotes royality and wealth. On the otherhand we are then shown a binary opposition of Merlin, fully dressed in armour made of iron this shows wealth and that he may be part of a army. This shows he is a strong charecter and therefore the peasents in the village look up to him.
When the women adresses Merlin she uses a tone and phrase of unwelcomness. The contrast in location implys also that Merlin should not be there, the scene begins in a castle which cleary shows the womens wealth and a quick jump shot is used to emphasis the change in location .